Oiling system



Oct. 3, 1933. w. s. FISHER ,9 9,

omme sysma Original Filed Aug. 14. 1922 s Sheets-Sheet 1,

INVENTOR. S. fisher Oct. 3, 1933. w s FlSHER 1,929,398

OILING SYSTEM Original Filed Aug. 14. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 1T 111- 1TH-SZ.

INVENTOR.

W. S. FISHER Oct. 3, 1933.

OILING SYSTEM Original Filed Aug. 14. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR.

Wa/fer 5. HIS/Yer Patented Oct. 3, 1933 OIQLING SYSTEM Walter S. Fisher,Toledo, Ohio, assignor to The i Willys Overland Company, Toledo, Ohio,at corpcration of Ohio Application August 1 1, 1922, Serial 1 RenewedApril 11, 1928 Claims. (01 123- 183) This invention relates to aninternal combustion engin of the sleeve valve type and has specialreference to the lubrication of the sleeves.

An object of the invention is the provision of suitable means wherebylubricant is drawn .up from the crank case. by the movement of thesleeves and supplied in proper quantities to the sliding faces thereof.In carrying out my in- Y vention, I provide the outer .face of the innersleeve with peripheral'and longitudinal grooves and also provide theouter face of the -outer sleeve with a peripheral groove or grooves nearits upper end, as well as a number of holes extending through the sleeveand communicating with said groove or grooves. These grooves and holesare so related that at. certain points in the cycle of the engine, thesuction in the cavity or space above the sleeves, due to thesimultaneous downward movement thereof, draws up lubricant through onelongitudinal groove into the cavity above the sleeves, which lubricantsubsequently is forced out and returned in part to the crank casethrough another longitudinal groove. The sleeves thuscooperate with thecylinder and cylinder head'to constitute a pump. for the circulation oflubricant fromthe crank caseto the upper ends of the sleeves and backagain, suitable transverse connecting grooves and openings being pro-'vided to distribute thelubricant about the wear-;

ing faces of the sleeves; V In the embodiment of my inventionillustrated in the accompanying drawings and forming a part hereof:Figure I is a vertical sectional view of an internal combustion engineof the sleeve valve typ showing my invention applied thereto. i Fig. IIis a side elevation of the outer sleeve of said engine. i Q Fig. III isacross sectional viewof the outer sleeve taken on' the line III-III ofFig. II. Fig IV, is a side elevation of the. inner sleeve. Fig. V is acrosssectional view ofthe inner sleeve taken on the line V--V of Fig,IV.

Figs. VI to IX inclusive are diagrammatic tions corresponding to thepositions A, B, C and D ofthe eccentric'center for the inner; sleeve.

. The same reference numbers refer to the same parts throughout theviews.

Referring to the drawings there is illustrated inFig. I a common form ofsleevevalve engine having an upper crank case section 5.upon.whichrests. a cylinder 6 having a wateniacket 7 and inlet and exhaust ports 8and 9. A-cylinder head .of 1 the sleeve.

f flowof' oil ,from the crank case-up to'the topof the sleeves, aroundtheinner sleeve, and back to views drawn to a larger scale, showing theupper ends of the sleeves in their various relative posi- T was the top''of-the cylinder and-for the most. in

part lies within the upper portion of the cylinder; but spaced therefromby the two sleeves Y12 and l3,'which project into an annular spaceorcavity 14. Each of these sleevesisprovided with, suit-; able gas portswhichzcooperate-with one another and with the ports 8 and 9:tocontrolthe intake and the exhaust of the engine. .Reciprocatorymovementisimparted to the sleeves 12 and 13 by connecting links 15andl-Sdriven by eccen.- tries on a shaft 17. A piston 20 "slides withinthe inner sleeve and drives thecrank shaft ,21; through the connectingrod '22.; ,A junk ring j 24 and a'narrowring'25 both carried by thecylinder head make a gas tight joint with the adja cent sleeve. "Theouter'surfaceof the outer sleeve 12 is shown provided with'a series ofparallel peripheral grooves 27 connecting with which, arev a number ofsmall openings 28 through the wall The outer surface. of the innersleeve 13 is similarly provided with aseries of grooves 29. The groovesand openings in the sleeves and betw'een'the cylinder and the outersleeve to effectually;lubricate-"the entire bearing surfacestIiereQf. Bymy invention Itake advantage of the varying pressure in the space orcavity above the sleeves and by providing. suitable grooves andopeningsin the sleeves cause the sleeves to act as :apump to produce aflpositivethe crank case. As shownin Fig. IV theouter surface of the inner sleeve13 is provided with a spiral groove. 30 extending 'r'rom ,apoint nearits lower end upon which oil is splashed 1110 130.

a point" adjacent its" upper endjwhereit terminates in a peripheralgroove 31].; :On theaopposite side of the sleeve. 13 another spiralgroove .32 is formed whichalso leads from the lower. portion or thesleeve and intersecting the grooves 29 as well.asgroove"31'terminates:approximate- V I per end of thesleeve. It will be observedthat these grooves pass substantially midway between the gas portsformed in the sleeve.

Referring nowto Fig. II showing the outer sleeve 12 it will be seenthatthis sleeve is provided on its outer surface, and at a point nearits upper end with two peripheral grooves '34 and 35 which are connectedby longitudinal grooves 36 extending on to the top of 'the sleeve. Atthe points of connection of the groove 34 into the grooves 36 holes37are provided through the sleeve wall.

The operation of the parts will now be described; With the enginecrankshaft and the eccentric shaft 17 rotating in a clockwise directionlubricating oil is splashed against the lower outer surfaces of thetwosleeves'keeping their surfaces and the lower end of the spiral groove30 covered with a film of oil. Whenthe eccentric operating the innersleeve 13 through the link 16 is at position. A the sleeves 12 and 13.are in the position illustrated by Figs. I' and VI thespace 14 abovethe sleeves, to the crank case. Since both sleeves are-moving downwardlyjust I after their reaching this position apartial vacuumexists in thespace 14 giving rise to a flow of oil or oil vapor up through the inletgroove 30 into the space 14. Upon further rotation of the eccentricshaft the inner sleeve moves down relative' to the outer sleeve anamount suificient to cause the groove 31 to pass out of register. withthe holes 37, but, upon still further rotation, the groove 31 againcomes into register with the holes 37. This latter position isillustrated by Fig." VIII where the eccentric center for link 16 is inposition C and the inner sleeve is at its lowest position. Oil splashedinto the groove 30 is again drawn up into the space 14'as before untilthe inner sleeve moves up a suflicient distance to bring the groove 31out of register with the holes 37. Upon reaching position-D theinnersleeve is sufliciently higher'than the "outer sleeve to expose theupper end of the outlet groove 32. Both sleeves are now moving upwardand the resulting'pressure in the'space 14 causes the oil containedtherein to flow downwardly through the groove 32 distributing itselfthrough the grooves 29 and over the entire outer surface of the'innersleeve and thence through holes 28 to the outer surface ofthe' outersleeve. Any surplus is delivered directly into the crank case on thatside of the sleeves opposite to the side receiving the splash. The oilor. oily vapor pre- Furtherrotation-of the eccentric shaft brings thesleeves back to position A where the upper ends-0f both grooves 30 and32.are covered. by

the outer sleeve thus completing the. cycle of operations.

The two grooves 30.and 32 may obviously be cut parallel to the sleeveaxis. instead ofisp'irally evenly about the surfaces of the sleeves.

As the eccentric shaft 7 as shown and they may also be arranged on theface of the sleeve otherwise than as shown. A single groove 32 wouldsufiice as the induction and eduction passages, or both grooves mightterminate at the base where groove 30 terminates, that is on the sidewhich receives most of the splashgso that there would be two groovestaking care of the flow of oil in both directions. However, thearrangement illustrated is preferred, as it is believed to distributethe oil quite Furthermore by locating the grooves between the inlet andthe exhaust ports of the sleeves, a greater economy of oil results sincea sufiicient quantity of oil may be carried to the upper ends of thesleeves to provide for the proper lubrication of the cylinder headrings, sleeves and cylinder without loss of oil due to its being blownout of the ports.-

For convenience of illustration the oil conducting grooves andpassages/are shown in Figs-VI toT IX inclusiveas in the same verticalplane with the engine ports. In practice, however, they are locatedat-about from the ports, as clearly. indicated in Fig. IV.

While I have shown and described in detail a particular embodimentasillustrativeof my invention, I.do not wish to be limited thereby,

"since various changes might be made therein without departing from'thescopeof the invention covered by the appended claims.

.Havingfthus-described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patcut; is:

. .1. An internal combustion engine comprising a crank case, a cylinder,a cylinder head, a reciprocating sleeve slidable therebetween andmeans'whereby said sleeve serves to pump lubricant from said crankcaseupward inside the cylinder'into the space above said sleeve between saidcylinder and cylinder head.

'2. An internal c'ombustionengine comprising" a crank case, a cylinder,a cylinder head, a pair of'slidable sleeves extending between saidcylinder and cylinder head and means whereby the joint motion of saidsleeves draws lubricant from said crank case upward inside the cylinderinto the space above said sleeve between said cylinder and cylinderhead. I

3 In an internal combustion engine having a pair of valve sleeves, meansformed in one of said sleeves for conveying a lubricant to a pointadjacent the top: of said sleeve and apertured means formed in saidother sleeve to cooperate with said first means for causing saidlubricant to flow therein.

In an internal combustionengine comprising a cylinder, a cylinder. headand a pair of valve sleeves therebetween; means formed in one of saidsleeves for conveying lubricant upwardly, said means terminatingadjacent thetop of said sleeve and means on said other'sleeve for cov-,f'ering and uncovering said first means. viously pumped into the space14 also comes 5. In an internal combustion engine of the reciprocatingsleeve "valve type, means forming a passageway for lubricant upward 1from the crank-case longitudinally of the sleeves and apertured' meanscooperating with said first :means to insure a positive flow oflubricant through said passageway. a

6'. An. internal combustion engine comprising acylindeli 'a cylinderhead connectedtherewith atone'portion and spaced" therefrom at anotherportion to form'an' annular cavity, a pair of mov able sleevesprojecting into .saidcavity,..a lubripassage is opened for lubricant tobe forced 7 a cylinder, a cylinder head therefor having a portion spacedtherefrom, a pair of sleeves mount ed to slide in saidspace, one of saidsleeveshaving a lubricant passage formed therein, and means whereby whensaid sleeves are in one position relative to each other lubricant mayflow through said passage into said space and means whereby whensaidsleeves are in another relative position lubricant may flow through saidpassage out of said space.

9. An internal combustion engine having in-- ner and outer contiguousvalve controlling sleeves,

one of said sleeves having a longitudinal groove formed on the faceadjacent the other sleeve, the latter sleeveby its relative movementserving to ,cover and uncover the upper .end of said groove,

10. An internal combustion engine having "inner and outer valvecontrolling sleeves, said'inner sleeve having a longitudinal groovedformed in its outer surface and said outer sleeve by its movementrelative to said inner sleeve serving to alternately cover and exposethe upper end of said groove.

11. In an internal combustion engine having a pair of valve sleevesand'means for reciproeating the same, said sleeves having-longitudinalgrooves and openings therein effective in one position to draw uplubricant from the crank case of the engine and effective'in anotherposi'- tion to force down said lubricant. a

12. In an internal combustion engine having a pair of valve sleeves andmeans for recipro eating the same, said sleeves havinga longttudinalpassage so arranged that when both sleeves are moving downwardlysuctionis created above them and that said passage is opened forlubricant to be sucked up therethrough, and when both sleeves are movingupwardly the downwardly therethrough. 7

13. An internal combustion engine having a pair of reciprocable valvesleeves, the inner sleeve having a pair of spiral grooves on oppositesides thereof extending from the base of said sleeve to l a pointadjacent its upper end, the outer sleeve having an opening adjacent itsupper end adapted to periodically register with one of said grooves inthe inner sleeve, and the upper end of said othergroove being located soas to be uncovered periodically by said outer sleeve.

14. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having inlet andexhaust passages, a piston within the cylinder, an oil supply chamber,means movable longitudinally within the cylinder adapted to open andclose said passages and to form a suction producing means for the oilsplashed thereon to raise said oil'to a space above said means, andoperating means for said piston adapted to splash oil from said chamberupon said longitudinally movable means.

15. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinthe passage ofsaid innersleeve;

within the cylinder," an oil supply chamberpa plurality of valves forcontrolling said passages recipro'cably mounted within the cylinder,said valves having cooperating grooves forming suc-. tion passages forlubricant 'depositedupon the valvesto conduct the lubricant to the upperpor tions of the valves,gand operating means for the pistonmovable-within said "chamber and adapted to splash oil upon the valves.v c 16. In an internal combustion engine, a crank:-

Icase adapted to contain a supply, of lubricant, a

cylinder having inlet and exhaust passages, a piston withinthe cylinder,a valve movable longitudinally within the cylinder, operating means forthe valve and for' the piston, said piston der havinginlet and exhaustpassages, a piston.

operating means being adapted to splash lubri cant in the crank-caseupon thevalve, the latter having a longitudinal lubricant passagebetween ,7

its outer'face and the inner face ofthe cylinder, and means forcontrolling the passage whereby the motion of thevalve produces" suctionin the passage at regularly recurring periods.

17. In an internal combustion'engine, a cylin' der having inlet andexhaustflports; a head for the cylinder forming with the latter asuction chamber, and'means reciprocally mounted with in the cylinder andthe chamber to control said ports and adapted also to function as a pumpwhen moving withinthechamber, said means having passageways adapted toreceive a supply of lubricant through. which the lubricant is forced bythe pumping actionf of" said means;

18. In an internal combustion engine, acyline der having inlet andexhaust ports, a head for the cylinder forming witlrthe latter asuctionchamber, a valve forthe'ports' having one end slidable withinsaid'chamber and provided with a groove extending from adjacent one ofits; ends to the other end, means adapted -'to'supply lubricant to theend of the valve farthestfrom said chamber, the opposite end ofthe-valve servingasa pump t'ocause the lubricant to flow through saidgroove 7 toward said chamber, and'm'eans for actuating said valve.

19; In an internal combustion engine, a cylin der having inlet andexhaust ports, valvesleeves for said ports slidable one upon another,one oi,

saidsleeves having a passage for conveying lubrie cant longitudinallythereof and the'other form ing a suction producingimember for drawing,

lubricant through said passage, 'a lubricant supply source with whichone of the sleeves isf adapted-to communicateand actuating means forwthesleeves.

20. In an internal combustionrengine, a cyl- V inder having inlet andexhaust ports, and valve sleeves slidable one upon another forcontrolling said ports, said inner sleeve having a passage therein forconveying alubricant upwardly from the lower end thereof and said outersleeve bec ing adapted to control the flow of lubricant 21. In aninternal combustion engine having a crank-case, a pair or reciprocatingvalve sleeves means forming a passageway for lubricant on one of saidsleeves, said passageway ex tending longitudinally of said. sleeves andup- I V wardly from said crank-case, and apertured means on the other ofsaid sleeves cooperating with said first means for connecting saidpassage-l way with a source of lower-pressure than the pressure withinsaid crank case;

22. In an internal combustion engine having a a crank case, a pair ofreciprocating concentric valve sleeves, means forming a passagewayextending longitudinally of'said inner sleeve, upwardly from saidcrank-case and adapted to carry oil from said crank-case-toward the topof said sleeve during the downward movement thereof, and means upon saidouter sleeve for obstructing'said passageway during upward movement ofsaid inner sleeve.

' 23.In an internal combustion engine having a crank-case, a"reciprocating valve sleeve, said valve having an oil groove thereinextending longitudinally thereof upwardly from said crankcase andadapted to carry oil from said crankcase toward the top of said sleeveduring the downward movement" thereof and means for obstructing saidgroove during the upward movement of said sleeve. I 24. In an internalcombustion engine, a cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, valvesleeves slidable' one upon another for controlling said ports, one ofsaid sleeves havin a pluralityof external grooves for conveying alubricant, and

V the otherof said sleeves having passages cooperating with saidgrooves-and adapted to control the flow of lubricant within the same,whereby lubricant is permitted to flow upwardly in certain of saidgrooves and downwardlyin certain other of said grooves. 25. In aninternal combustion engine ofjthe Knight typea crankcase a cylinderthereon, a sleeve valve therein having annular grooves thereon,lsaid.sleeve having ,a pair of longitudinal grooves thereon extendingsubstantially the length of said sleeve and communicating with saidannular grooves, means. for depositing oil on thesurface of said sleeve,means for alternately communicating suction tov one longitudinal grooveand pressure to the other longitudinal groove whereby-oildeposited onsaid sleeve is drawn upwardly from said annular grooves through onelongitudinal groove and forced downwardly through. the other.longitudinal groove to the crankcase. g V

26. In an internal'combustion engine of the Knight type a crank 'caseacylinder thereon a sleeve valvetherein having annular grooves thereon,said sleeve having a'pair of longitudinal grooves therein extendingsubstantially the length of said sleeve and'communicating with saidannular grooves, means for depositingoil on the surface of saidssleeve,means for alternately c'ommunicating suction to one longitudinal grooveand pressure to the other longitudinal c-groove, whereby oil depositedon said sleevewis drawn upwardly from said annular grooves to the'top ofsaid' sleeve through onelongitudinal groove and forced downwardlythrough the other longitudinal groove to the-crank case. a

27. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of anengine-cylinder having intake'and exhaust ports, movable. sleeve meansin said cylinder controlling said ports and having oil passage means,means to move said sleeve means, and means including said oilpassagemeans to introduce lubricantintermittently into the sealing-head'compartment of the engine.

2B. In an internal combustion engine, the com bination of anengine-cylinder having intake and exhaust ports, movable sleeve'means insaid cylinder controlling said ports and having 'oil passage means,means to movesaid sleeve means, and means including said oil passagemeans to remove lubrican t intermittently from the seal ing-headcompartment of the engine.

29.- man internal combustion engine, the combination of anengine-cylinder V having intake and exhaust ports, movable sleeve meansin'said cylinder controlling said ports and having oil passage means,means to move said'sleeve means,

means including oil passage means of said sleeve means to introducelubricant intermittently into the sealing-head compartment of theengine, and 1 means including oil Y passage means of said sleeve means"to remove lubricant intermittently from said sealing-head compartment.

said sealing-head compartment. during the periods saidlubricant-introducing means is inactive. V

- WALTER S, FISHER.

